Traditional Chinese medicine for cardiovascular disease: evidence and potential mechanisms
When renal tubular epithelial cells undergo ferroptosis or other forms of RCD, their cellular contents are released in the form of DAMPs
The nasal mucosa provides reasonably good peptide absorption, bypassing digestive degradation while offering convenience
Abbreviations: EGR, early growth response
However, not all studies show identical benefits, and effectiveness may depend on the formulation used
Side effects from B12 supplementation are uncommon but may include: Mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea or diarrhoea, typically with very high oral doses Headache or dizziness in some individuals Skin reactions (rash, itching) at injection sites when using intramuscular preparations Rare but serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis with injectable forms Hypokalaemia (low potassium) may occur during rapid correction of severe megaloblastic anaemia If you experience symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (difficulty breathing, severe rash, swelling of face or throat) after taking B12, seek immediate medical attention
