When it comes to the gut, apigenin affects Enterococcus caccae cell wall/membrane synthesis and increases the incidence of protein misfolding Bacteroides galacturonicus growth was also inhibited by apigenin[and] apigenin promoted overall growth and diversity, lowered Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, and promoted production of short chain fatty acids, including butyrate, which is associated with health (Wang et al., 2017)
Dinkla S, Peppelman M, Van Der Raadt J, Atsma F, Novotn VM, Van Kraaij MG, et al
It is commonly used in laboratory settings as a solvent or diluent for the reconstitution of lyophilized peptides
174 , R145173 (2016)
Liposomal encapsulation surrounds the molecule in a phospholipid layer, which may allow it to pass through the gut wall more effectively
Slominski A, Pisarchik A, Semak I, Sweatman T, Wortsman J