Messages that challenge smokers temporal perspectives might be more likely to affect how they assess the gains and losses of smoking, and their ability to rely on self-exempting beliefs [45]
Unlike adult users who may use ECs, adolescent users are more likely to switch from ECs to conventional cigarettes 37
Oncological Risk E-cigarette vapour generates volatile aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde) and heavy metals (nickel, chromium, lead) through coil degradation, overheating and thermal decomposition of solvents
Overall, there needs to be greater transparency and reporting of participant demographics
Smoking among high-school students reached a new low in 2019, with only 5.8 percent reporting that they had smoked at least once in the preceding montha pattern suggesting that vaping serves as more of an off-ramp from smoking than an entryway for teens
Steroids 72 , 135143 (2007)