This involves administering the peptide as close as safely possible to the actual injury
10.1016/j.nutres.2008.11.005 2 BallasS
However, significant improvement is definitely achievable with the right approach and realistic expectations
There is no single published list of FDA-approved peptides, but the category of formally approved peptide-based drugs includes GLP-1 receptor agonists (Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, Zepbound), insulin analogues, leuprolide, vasopressin analogues, oxytocin, and several others used in endocrinology and oncology
Moreover, HGF prevents NMDA-induced neuronal death in hippocampal neuron cultures in vitro by blocking pro-apoptotic caspase-3 activation and translocation of AIF into the nucleus (Ishihara et al., 2005)
The forestplots function of the metafor package in R was used to visualise boxplots of effect size and 95% confidence interval